[Csnd] Ftable Memory Limit

Michael_Rhoades · January 4, 2026, 6:03pm

Greetings All,

I need to generate a 1-second-long audio waveform based upon an ftable of size 48,000 and then eventually a 10-second-long waveform, size = 480,000. As a proof of concept, I began with a table size of 50, just to make sure I had the syntax correct, and that worked fine. For the next step I tried an ftable with a size of 4800 and it crashes Csound. When I run it from command line it ends with an error, “out of memory”.

I am using Csound version 6.05. Is this an issue in later versions of Csound 6.x? Is version 7 capable of working with extremely long ftables?

Thank you very much for any assistance or information you can provide and Happy New Year!!

Michael

Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 4, 2026, 6:32pm

That seems really odd even for older versions. Table size limit for 6.x is 2^24, at 48k it’s a little over 349 seconds, about 5.8 minutes of mono audio.

Can you post a simple example showing the issue?

Prof. Victor Lazzarini
Maynooth University
Ireland

Michael_Rhoades · January 4, 2026, 6:41pm

Hi Victor,

Yes, I can. I would love to find out I am simply doing something incorrectly!

Please find attached, the pertinent files. I hope attachments are acceptable for the listserve. If not, I can copy and paste it in response, but the ftable is quite long for that.

Thanks so much for looking into this.

Michael

Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

(Attachment 03a.orc is missing)

(Attachment 03b.sco is missing)

Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 4, 2026, 7:02pm

I don’t see a GEN01 table in the score or any i-statements, is that right?
There is only a commented out GEN08 table.

Michael_Rhoades · January 4, 2026, 7:53pm

There is no gen 1 table, but there is an i statement:

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

I do see that it was missing a space in the ftable. It should be:

f 1 0 4800 8 1
|

|

It is a tab delimited file best viewed in Excel or similar spreadsheet format. (I work with all my scores that way.) Should I put a copy of this in a Google sheet so I can see what you are seeing?

Michael

Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Michael_Rhoades · January 4, 2026, 7:56pm

Here Victor, try this:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1eevf-t3ijtFJ4jWnNB7wWQZeB-DlOZo9rCi6KIabZ2M/edit?usp=sharing

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Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 4, 2026, 8:44pm

When I run your .orc with

f1 0 4800 8 1
i1 0 0.1 1

I get an error

ftable 1: insufficient arguments
f 1 0.00 4800.00 8.00 1.00

Because GEN8 needs more.

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Send bugs reports to
GitHub · Where software is built
Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 4, 2026, 8:55pm

I went back to your original score and found the f 1 statement, corrected it for the missing space. Now I run it with
csound 7 and it worked.

victor@firebird debug % csound ~/Downloads/03a.orc ~/Downloads/03b.sco -d -n
Reading options from $HOME/.csound7rc
--Csound version 7.0 (double samples) Jan 3 2026
[commit: 63db0215d82c0ef2c172cf174e54670a774fd8ba]
orchname: /Users/victor/Downloads/03a.orc
Compiling Csound code...
warning: opcode outs is deprecated, line 19
...done
Elapsed time at end of code compilation: real: 0.001s, CPU: 0.001s
using libsndfile-1.2.2
displays suppressed
sr = 44100.0, kr = 1378.125, ksmps = 32
0dBFS level = 1.0, A4 tuning = 440.0
audio buffered in 128 sample-frame blocks
not writing to sound disk
SECTION 1:
ftable 1:
new alloc for instr 1:
B 0.000 .. 0.100 T 0.100 TT 0.100 M: 0.69217 0.69217
end of Performance
inactive allocs returned to freespace
overall amps: 0.69217 0.69217
overall samples out of range: 0 0
0 errors in performance
Elapsed time at end of performance: real: 0.004s, CPU: 0.004s
no sound written to disk

However, with csound 6.18, it had an error

victor@firebird debug % /usr/local/bin/csound ~/Downloads/03a.orc ~/Downloads/03b.sco -dn
orchname: /Users/victor/Downloads/03a.orc
rtaudio: PortAudio module enabled ...
using callback interface
rtmidi: PortMIDI module enabled
Elapsed time at end of orchestra compile: real: 0.001s, CPU: 0.001s
sorting score ...
... done
Elapsed time at end of score sort: real: 0.003s, CPU: 0.003s
--Csound version 6.18 (double samples) Nov 24 2022
[commit: a1580f9cdf331c35dceb486f4231871ce0b00266]
libsndfile-1.1.0
displays suppressed
sr = 44100.0, kr = 1378.125, ksmps = 32
0dBFS level = 1.0, A4 tuning = 440.0
orch now loaded
audio buffered in 1024 sample-frame blocks
not writing to sound disk
SECTION 1:
ftable 1:
WARNING: using extended arguments

ftable 1: illegal x interval
f 1 0.00 4800.00 8.00 1.00 ...
new alloc for instr 1:
INIT ERROR in instr 1 (opcode tablei.k) line 13: table: could not find ftable 1
from file /Users/victor/Downloads/03a.orc (1),kval tablei.k kndx 1 ixmode ixoff 0 B 0.000 - note deleted. i1 had 1 init errors
Score finished in csoundPerform().
inactive allocs returned to freespace
end of score. overall amps: 0.00000 0.00000
overall samples out of range: 0 0
1 errors in performance
Elapsed time at end of performance: real: 0.004s, CPU: 0.004s
no sound written to disk

Michael_Rhoades · January 4, 2026, 8:58pm

Excellent Victor. It may be a bit of a bug in the previous versions that was never discovered.

I will give Csound 7 a try and report back.

Thank you for looking into it.

Michael

Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 4, 2026, 9:30pm

What I figured out is that it’s not to do with size of the table but with the number of arguments.
In Csound 6.x, there was a max number of pfields, and anything more got an extended argument
list. It seems that this was not implemented correctly. In Csound 7 there is no max number of
pfields.

best

Michael_Rhoades · January 5, 2026, 12:18am

Ah… understood Victor; that does align with what I am experiencing.

Does anyone have a windows installer for Csound 7 or is the only way to get to build it?

Thx again,

Michael
Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Michael_Rhoades · January 5, 2026, 1:34am

Victor,

I found a Windows installer for beta Csound 7.0. It does render a sound file for the 50-argument ftable. Extremely quickly! And it works as expected. However, when I run the same .orc and .sco commenting out the 50-argument ftable and uncommenting the 4800-argument ftable (nothing else changes), this is the output:

PS E:\Current Projects\2026(0) - Quantum Computational Creativity\csound> csound orc\03a.orc sco\03b.sco -o sfdir\Render_012.wav
warning: could not open library ‘C:\Program Files\Csound7\plugins64\osc.dll’ (-1)
–Csound version 7.0 (double samples) Nov 10 2025
[commit: d31e30d1288328326275b475a6b9b27b9344c1a3]
orchname: orc\03a.orc
using callback interface
Compiling Csound code…
…done
Elapsed time at end of code compilation: real: 0.005s, CPU: 0.006s
Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Victor_Lazzarini1 · January 5, 2026, 6:56am

You are running a version from Nov 10, I am running the latest. I don’t expect much difference though. If you have a github account, you can download the latest installer from the actions

https://github.com/csound/csound/actions/runs/20684113308#artifacts

However, on a crash I would expect something to be printed on the screen. What happens on ctl-c? Did you try running with -n?

Prof. Victor Lazzarini
Maynooth University
Ireland

Michael_Rhoades · January 6, 2026, 12:37am

Hi Victor,

Yes, it is the Nov 10 version. I was unable to find a windows installer at the link you sent but I may not understand where to look for it.

I tried the -n flag, and nothing changed. Ctl-c is not helpful because the command executes so quickly and closes. The only thing that prints on the terminal when I try to run it is what I sent you.

Very strange that it is not completing for me but it did for you. Is there a possible dependency missing?

I need to get to the bottom of this but not sure what the next troubleshooting step is. Can you send me the sound file you were able to render? It would be good to verify that it was the one in question.

thx,

Michael
Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here

Michael_Rhoades · January 6, 2026, 12:51pm

Thanks again for checking into this Victor.

If the sound file is short, then it is not the ftable I am having the issue with. It should be 1 second in length, 4800 amplitude values with intervals of 1. The shorter sound file, consists of 10 repeating waveforms… if memory serves it is .095 seconds in length, 50 amplitude values.

I am not sure what to think.

FYI, I am conducting research into Quantum Computational Creativity. In this second phase, the execution of the quantum circuits is actually creating the waveforms. The first phase of the project is documented in the link below. It is a sonification of the wavefield interference patterns while 10 qubits are in superposition. Of course, there is no way to measure them because they collapse when measured, but they are inferred by the characteristics of the collapsed state.

https://perceptionfactory.com/quantum-computing-sonifications/

Michael

Csound mailing list Send bugs reports to Discussions of bugs and features can be posted here